Depositional and geochemical cyclicity in the cretaceous fine-grained strata of Colombia. a model for organic matter content
Resumen
Análisis espectrales de tiempo-frecuencia fueron aplicados a series deposicionales y geoquímicas en tres secciones del Grupo Villeta del Cretácico de Colombia. Los análisis muestran ciclicidad estadísticamente valida en patrones de apilamiento de parasecuencias en regiones distales de la cuenca y en variabilidad geoquímicas. Esta ciclicidad varía de baja a alta frecuencia (500 ka-20 ka); los resultados sugieren un control orbital tipo Miankovitch. Intervalos estratigráficos enriquecidos en carbón orgánico coinciden con secciones condensadas en las que se observa una ciclicidad estratigráfica de alta frecuencia. Ciclos estrati gráficos finos (menores de 0,40 m) contienen cantidades moderadas de materia orgánica, a consecuencia de condensación que permite que organismos reciclen el carbón orgánico y al mismo tiempo permite la oxidación gradual de la materia orgánica. Ciclos estrati gráficos finos a medios (0,6 m-5,0 m) muestran la mayor calidad y cantidad de materia orgánica. En estos casos la tasa de sedimentación es suficientemente alta para inhibir la descomposición de la materia orgánica por organismos y suficientemente baja como para no diluir la materia orgánica en la masa de sedimento. Ciclos estratigráficos gruesos (> 5 m) generalmente contienen bajas cantidades de materia orgánica porque altas tasas de sedimentación la diluyen en su masa. El contenido de materia orgánica depende de la sedimentación, de la paleoproductividad oceánica y del tamaño y forma del grano sedimentario. Se muestra cómo el espesor de los ciclos estratigráficos de alta frecuencia puede ser utilizado como una herramienta muy simple para predecir la cantidad de materia orgánica.
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