Movilidad urbana sostenible en Estambul: Evaluación económica de los autobuses híbridos eléctricos de pila de combustible en el sistema de metrobús
Resumen
A medida que las ciudades crecen y se vuelven más pobladas, aumenta la demanda de transporte público, debido a la necesidad de las autoridades de ampliar sus capacidades de transporte. Sin embargo, el mayor uso de vehículos puede causar impactos ambientales como la contaminación atmosférica, las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y el ruido. Para hacer frente a estos problemas, los gobiernos y otras partes interesadas buscan sistemas o tecnologías de transporte alternativos. El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar la viabilidad financiera del uso de autobuses híbridos-eléctricos de pila de combustible como sistema de transporte alternativo para el sistema Metrobús de Estambul. El análisis se realiza utilizando el método del periodo de retorno, que evalúa los costes y beneficios de un proyecto a lo largo de su vida útil. El estudio compara los costes totales de explotación del uso de autobuses híbridos-eléctricos de pila de combustible con los autobuses diésel y eléctricos de batería. El estudio concluye que los autobuses híbridos-eléctricos de pila de combustible pueden reducir los costes totales de explotación en un 81,1% en comparación con los autobuses diésel y en un 56,3% en comparación con los autobuses eléctricos de batería. Este análisis sugiere que los autobuses híbridos-eléctricos de pila de combustible ofrecen un valor añadido tras un periodo aproximado de 9 años. Los resultados de este estudio son significativos porque pueden ayudar a las partes interesadas a tomar decisiones informadas sobre la viabilidad financiera de los sistemas de transporte alternativos. Además, el modelo o enfoque financiero utilizado en este estudio puede ser útil para comprender cómo pueden financiarse los sistemas de transporte público en el futuro.
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