Desarrollo de expresión para resistencia a la erosión por partículas sólidas en alabes de turbinas
Resumen
La aplicación del mantenimiento centrado en confiabilidad a equipos reparables, requiere que el cálculo de confiabilidad no esté basado en estadísticas de fallos, como en los métodos tradicionales, sino en su condición. El método de “carga vs resistencia” presupone la comparación de parámetros de procesos con las propiedades mecánicas de los materiales, cuidadosamente seleccionados. El autor propone el cálculo a partir de los parámetros, monitoreados para el diagnóstico. En específico, analiza la erosión de los álabes de la turbina de vapor, bajo la acción de partículas sólidas, provenientes de los sobrecalentadores, que bajo determinadas condiciones, crecen hasta espesores críticos, ydebido a la acción de esfuerzos, provocados por cambios térmicos, se fracturan y se desprenden, adquiriendo una energía tal, que al impactar en la superficie de los álabes les provoca la erosión. Estos fenómenos se analizan y se establecen las ecuaciones, que relacionan las propiedades mecánicas del metal de los álabes con la energía que necesitan las escamas de óxidos para provocar su erosión. Se ha obtenido una expresión, que permite la aplicación del método y no ha sido encontrada en ninguna de las investigaciones analizadas
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