Modelamiento del equilibrio de fases para mezcla agua-CO2-hidrocarbono utilizando la ecuación de estado CPA en procesos de EOR-almacenamiento por inyección de CO2: un estudio de caso colombiano
Resumen
En la actualidad es necesario reducir las emisiones de CO2 en la atmósfera. La industria petrolera en Colombia puede contribuir mediante procesos de inyección de CO2 en yacimientos depletados. Para ello, es fundamental tener un conocimiento de las interacciones fisicoquímicas del CO2 con fluidos de yacimiento. Para integrar las 3 fases CO2, agua e hidrocarburo se requieren modelos avanzados que capturen la fenomenología del equilibrio termodinámico. La ecuación de estado CPA (cubic-plus-association), es una ecuación que adiciona de un término asociativo para modelar la interacción del agua con fase hidrocarburo y CO2.
En este trabajo se modela termodinámicamente el proceso de inyección de CO2 en un caso de estudio de un yacimiento depletado colombiano. Se cuenta con un fluido composicional con un gradiente de propiedades PVT en un relieve vertical de 10000 ft a una condición de depletamiento de 2000 psia @ 15374 ft y un contacto agua-petróleo (OWC) a 17000 ft. Se realizaron inyecciones de CO2 entre el 10 y 80% molar, y a través de ecuación de estado CPA, se evaluaron las condiciones de hinchamiento del crudo, solubilidad del CO2 en el agua de formación y presurización del sistema. Los parámetros asociativos de la ecuación fueron tomados de literatura y estimados a través de simulaciones de dinámica molecular de las interacciones agua-CO2-Hidrocarburo, mediante la descripción simplificada de un crudo vivo con contenido de asfaltenos de 1% y metano de 50% mol a 6500 psia y 255 °F.
Este modelamiento termodinámico con ecuación de estado avanzada y uso de simulaciones de dinámica molecular, permitió simular diferentes escenarios de inyección de CO2 en un fluido composicional. El desarrollo de este tipo de estudios es clave para llevar a cabo procesos de inyección de CO2 exitosos enfocados en recobro mejorado (EOR) y almacenamiento de CO2 en el medio poroso en un yacimiento composicional depletado colombiano.
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